BEHIND THE DESIGN: LATIN AMERICAN SCHOOLS OF ARCHITECTURE

设计背后:拉丁美洲的建筑类学院

Fánel R. Contreras Guevara

University College London | UCL · School of Architecture

伦敦大学学院 | UCL · 建筑学院

KEYWORDS: Architecture; Modernism; Latin America; schools of  architecture; space;space syntax; spatial configuration

【关键词】 建筑，现代主义，拉丁美洲，建筑流派，空间，空间句法，空间结构

来源：本文来自于第十二届空间句法北京会议，文件夹 "Campus Environment" , 序号 302 ;

下载链接：https://www.yunzhan365.com/16263153.html

【浙江工业大学理论课作业】

ABSTRACT

摘要

The first Latin American buildings for schools of architecture were purposely designed and built during the 1950s under the discussion and influence of Modern movement ideas.

20世纪50年代，在现代运动思想的讨论与影响下，人们精心设计建造了拉丁美洲的第一批建筑类的学校建筑。

This paper analyses the Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Artes - Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (FAUA-UNI) in Perú, the Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo - Universidad Central de Venezuela (FAU-UCV) in Venezuela, the Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (FAU-UFRJ) in Brazil, and the Facultad de Arquitectura- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (FA-UNAM) and compares them with the Bauhaus School of Design (BSD) and Chandigarh College of Architecture (CCA) as built referents of Modernism and designed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, respectively.

本文分析了秘鲁国立工程大学城市规划与艺术学院建筑系（Faua-Uni）、委内瑞拉中央大学建筑与城市规划系（Fau-UCV）、巴西里约热内卢联邦大学建筑与城市学系（Fau-UFRJ）以及墨西哥国立自治大学建筑系(FA-UNAM)，并将其与瓦尔特·格罗皮乌斯（Walter Gropius）和勒·柯布西耶（Le Corbusier）分别设计的已成为现代主义参照物的包豪斯设计学院（BSD）和昌迪加尔建筑学院（CCA）进行比较。

The analysis is theoretically framed by the laws of the generation of form, as put forward by Bill Hillier (1989). It consists of three sections: an analysis of the architectural object and its spatial structure; a discussion of the influence of pedagogical aspects on the object; and the ‘effect back’, from the spatial structure to the users of the buildings.

分析的理论框架是由比尔·希利尔（(Bill Hillier, 1989)）提出的形式生成的规律。它由三个部分组成：对建筑对象及其空间结构的分析；关于教学方面对客体的影响的讨论；以及从空间结构到建筑物使用者的“反作用”。

The main objective is to identify how the ideas of the Modern movement influenced the design of these schools in the 1950s in terms of spatial configuration and perception, over and above formal properties. The findings show that there are similarities between the Latin American Schools the Bauhaus School and the CCA in ways of thinking and ways of teaching architecture, but most importantly in spatial configuration and patterns of movement.

（分析的）主要目的是确定除了在形式属性之外，现代运动的思想如何在空间结构和感知方面影响这些20世纪50年代的学校的设计。研究结果表明，拉丁美洲的学院、包豪斯设计学院和昌迪加尔建筑学院在思维方式和建筑教学方式上有相似之处，但最重要的是在空间形态和活动方式上的相似。

Furthermore, the last stage of the analysis, termed the ‘effect back’ (Hillier 1989), shows how the organisation of the Latin American Schools is directly influenced by the interior–exterior spatial relationships in these buildings.

      此外，分析的最后一个阶段被称为“反作用”（Hillier 1989），显示了拉丁美洲的校园（空间）组织是如何直接受到这些建筑内部—外部空间关系的影响。

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