STUDY OF COMMON SPACE LAYOUT DESIGN IN JAPANESE NURSING HOME

FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPACE UTILIZATION

日本养老院公共空间布局设计研究 

从空间特征和空间利用的角度来看

LIN BAI; SATOSHI NASU

School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology;School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology

东京工业大学环境与社会学院;东京工业大学环境与社会学院

KEYWORDS：Space Syntax, Space utilization, Spatial characteristics, Common facility, Nursing home

关键词：空间句法，空间利用，空间特征，公共设施，养老院

本文来自于第十二届空间句法北京会议，文件夹“architectural form”，序号136

论文下载链接 http://www.12sssbeijing.com/proceedings/

【浙江工业大学理论课作业】

Abstract

摘要

The common space in nursing home is an important place to enhance residents’ social exchange, and to promote residents healthy and life satisfaction. However, investigation shows the utilization of common space in Japanese nursing home is low.

养老院里的公共空间是增进老人社会交往、保持老人身体健康和提升老人生活满意度的重要场所。然而，调查显示，日本养老院公共空间的利用率较低。

This paper explores the association between space utilization and space spatial configuration, aims to contribute to spatial design for better resident’s social exchange. The factors of spatial configuration in this paper includes space geometric metrics like area size per residents, shape, distance to living space, and the spatial metrics which is measured by Space syntax theory.

本文探讨了空间利用与空间配置之间的关系，旨在为空间设计做出贡献，以更好地促进养老院内老人的社会交往。本文中空间配置的因素包括人均面积、居住空间的形态、到居住空间的距离以及空间句法理论所度量的空间指标。

Firstly, the common space area sizes and factors of spatial configuration form Space Syntax theory are analyzed and compared through the past 35 years nursing home samples for clarifying the spatial characteristics.

首先，通过空间句法理论，对过去35年来的养老院样本中常见的空间区域大小和空间配置因素进行了分析和比较，以阐明空间特征。

Secondly, actual spatial utilization by residents are observed through the field survey in 12 nursing homes, and the tendency of utilization in each common space are clarified. Thirdly, the spatial characteristics are combined with spatial utilization in the multiple regression analysis, then spatial integration, area size per resident, and spatial connectivity are extracted as significant factors. That is

UTI(%) = f(INT, CNN, ARE)

= 3.752 * INT + 3.301 * ARE + 0.506 * CNN - 4.206

where UTI is space utilization, INT is spatial integration, CNN is spatial connectivity, ARE is common space area size per resident, which tells that generally the space utilization(utilization rate) can be increased by 3.75% per unit of spatial integration, and can be increased by 3.30% per m2 per resident area size, and can be raised by 0.51% per unit of spatial connectivity.

然后，通过对12家养老院的实地调查，观察老人的实际空间利用情况，明确各公共空间的利用趋势。最后，将空间特征与空间利用相结合进行多元回归分析，提取空间整合度、人均面积、空间连通性为显著因子。 得到

UTI(%) = f(INT, CNN, ARE)

= 3.752 * INT + 3.301 * ARE + 0.506 * CNN - 4.206

其中UTI是空间利用率，INT是空间整合度，CNN是空间连通性，ARE是人均公共空间面积。由此可知，每增加单位空间整合度可使公共空间利用率提高3.75%，每增加单位人均面积可使公共空间利用率提高3.30%，每增加单位空间连通性可使公共空间利用率提高0.51%。

As a conclusion, allocate common facility to place with higher spatial integration, more spatial connectivity with surroundings, and increase the average space area size per resident are valid way to raise the space utilization of common space in Japanese nursing homes.

综上所述，将公共空间配置到空间整合度更高、与周围环境空间连通性更好的地方，以及增加人均居住面积将是提高日本养老院公共空间利用率的有效途径。

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Brilliant！